Pronunciation2026-06-04 ยท 6 min read

Counting in Japanese: Why ไธ€ๆœฌ Is ใ„ใฃใฝใ‚“ and ไธ‰ๆœฌ Is ใ•ใ‚“ใผใ‚“

You learned the counter ๆœฌ (ใปใ‚“) for long objects โ€” then heard ใ„ใฃใฝใ‚“, ใ•ใ‚“ใผใ‚“, ใ‚ใฃใฝใ‚“ and wondered if you misheard. You didnโ€™t. Counters change their sound depending on the number in front, and there is a clear pattern behind it.

JLPT N1 Certified Teacher
Written and reviewed by a Japanese language teacher (JLPT N1) with experience teaching learners from Vietnam, Indonesia, and Mongolia.

Why Counters Change Sound

When certain numbers meet certain counters, the sounds blend for easier pronunciation. The number may add a small ใฃ, or the counter's first consonant may become voiced or half-voiced (ใฏโ†’ใฐโ†’ใฑ). It feels chaotic at first, but the same numbers cause changes again and again.

ๆœฌ โ€” counting long, thin objects

ไธ€ๆœฌ ใ„ใฃใฝใ‚“
ไบŒๆœฌ ใซใปใ‚“
ไธ‰ๆœฌ ใ•ใ‚“ใผใ‚“
ๅ››ๆœฌ ใ‚ˆใ‚“ใปใ‚“
ไบ”ๆœฌ ใ”ใปใ‚“
ๅ…ญๆœฌ ใ‚ใฃใฝใ‚“
ๅ…ซๆœฌ ใฏใฃใฝใ‚“
ๅๆœฌ ใ˜ใ‚…ใฃใฝใ‚“

ๅŒน (animals) and ๅ›ž (times)

ๅŒน (ใฒใ)

ไธ€ๅŒน ใ„ใฃใดใ
ไบŒๅŒน ใซใฒใ
ไธ‰ๅŒน ใ•ใ‚“ใณใ
ๅ…ญๅŒน ใ‚ใฃใดใ
ๅๅŒน ใ˜ใ‚…ใฃใดใ

ๅ›ž (ใ‹ใ„)

ไธ€ๅ›ž ใ„ใฃใ‹ใ„
ๅ…ญๅ›ž ใ‚ใฃใ‹ใ„
ๅ…ซๅ›ž ใฏใฃใ‹ใ„
ๅๅ›ž ใ˜ใ‚…ใฃใ‹ใ„

The Pattern

  • 1, 6, 8, 10 usually trigger a small ใฃ: ใ„ใฃใฝใ‚“, ใ‚ใฃใฝใ‚“, ใฏใฃใฝใ‚“, ใ˜ใ‚…ใฃใฝใ‚“.
  • 3 often voices the counter: ใ•ใ‚“ใผใ‚“, ใ•ใ‚“ใณใ (ใปใ‚“โ†’ใผใ‚“, ใฒใโ†’ใณใ).
  • 2, 4, 5, 7, 9 are usually regular: ใซใปใ‚“, ใ‚ˆใ‚“ใปใ‚“, ใ”ใปใ‚“.

Teacher's Note

Don't memorize a giant grid. Learn the 1-6-8-10 โ†’ small ใฃ and 3 โ†’ voiced shortcuts, practice ๆœฌ out loud until it's automatic, and the same instinct transfers to ๅŒน, ๅ›ž, ๆฏ, ้šŽ and the rest.

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Nihongo Pass drills counters with native audio so ใ„ใฃใฝใ‚“ and ใ•ใ‚“ใผใ‚“ come without hesitation.

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Counting in Japanese: Why ไธ€ๆœฌ Is ใ„ใฃใฝใ‚“ and ไธ‰ๆœฌ Is ใ•ใ‚“ใผใ‚“ | Nihongo Pass