Japanese Grammar

Asking for Permission: ใ€œใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„

To ask 'May I...?' or 'Is it okay if I...?', Japanese uses the ~te mo ii form. It literally translates to 'Even if I do this, is it good?'

How to Ask and Give Permission

In English, we say 'May I open the window?' or 'You may sit here'. In Japanese, we attach 'mo ii' (also good) to the Te-form of the verb.

If you make it a question (ใ€œใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ), you are asking for permission.

If you state it as a fact (ใ€œใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™), you are giving permission to someone else.

You can also use this with the negative form (ใ€œใชใใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„) to say 'You don't have to...'.

Conjugation Rules

Asking for Permission (May I...?)
Te-form
โ†’Te-form + ใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ (mo ii desu ka)
Is it okay even if I...?
้ฃŸในใ‚‹ (taberu)
โ†’้ฃŸในใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ (Tabete mo ii desu ka?)
May I eat?
ๅบงใ‚‹ (suwaru)
โ†’ๅบงใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ (Suwatte mo ii desu ka?)
May I sit?
Giving Permission (You may...)
Te-form
โ†’Te-form + ใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ (mo ii desu)
It is okay even if you...
ๅธฐใ‚‹ (kaeru)
โ†’ๅธฐใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ (Kaette mo ii desu.)
You may go home.
No need to... (You don't have to...)
Nai-form
โ†’Drop 'i', add ใใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ (kutemo ii)
Is it okay even if I don't...?
่กŒใ‹ใชใ„ (ikanai)
โ†’่กŒใ‹ใชใใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ (Ikanakute mo ii desu.)
You don't have to go.

Example Sentences

ๅ†™็œŸใ‚’ๆ’ฎใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
Shashin o totte mo ii desu ka.
May I take a picture?
ใ“ใ“ใซๅบงใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚
Koko ni suwatte mo ii desu yo.
You may sit here. (Giving permission)
ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใ€ๆฅใชใใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
Ashita, konakute mo ii desu.
You don't have to come tomorrow.

Teacher's Advice

How to say 'No'

If someone asks 'Tabete mo ii desu ka?' (May I eat?), how do you say no? Saying 'Iie, tabete mo ii ja arimasen' is WRONG! To deny permission, you must use the 'must not' grammar: '~te wa ikemasen'. So say: 'Iie, tabete wa ikemasen' (No, you must not eat).

JLPT Exam Patterns

  • โ€ขChoosing the correct response to a ~te mo ii question in listening sections (N5)
  • โ€ขThe opposite of ~te mo ii (You may) is ~te wa ikemasen (You must not) (N5)
  • โ€ขUnderstanding ~nakutemo ii (You don't have to) (N5)

Master Permissions

Practice asking for and giving permission in various situations.

Start Practice โ†’
Japanese Grammar: ใ€œใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ (~te mo ii) - Asking for Permission | Nihongo Pass