N5 Grammar List
96 patterns · Free reference. Click any pattern for explanations and examples.
JLPT N5 文法について
JLPT N5の文法は日本語の基本的な文構造をカバーします。助詞・動詞の活用・形容詞の使い方・基本文型など、全てのレベルの土台となるパターンです。
各文法パターンをクリックすると、詳しい解説・接続ルール・例文・よくある間違いを確認できます。無料登録で試験形式の問題を練習できます。
How to Study JLPT N5 Grammar
N5 grammar is the skeleton of the language: particles, the polite verb forms, basic adjective patterns, and a handful of sentence-ending structures. Master these and you can build correct sentences for almost any everyday situation. Here is the order and the mindset that make N5 grammar click.
1. Particles come first
Particles are the single most important thing at N5. は marks the topic, が marks the subject, を marks the object, に and で handle place and time, へ shows direction. A sentence with the right words but the wrong particle is still wrong, and the exam tests this constantly.
Compare 学校に行きます ("I go to school", destination) with 学校で勉強します ("I study at school", location of an action). Same place, different particle, different meaning. Drill particles until choosing them feels automatic.
2. Lock down the core verb forms
At N5 you need the polite present/past (ます／ました), the negative (ません), and the all-important て-form, which is the gateway to requests (〜てください), ongoing actions (〜ています), and permission (〜てもいいです). The て-form has predictable conjugation rules based on the verb group. Learn the groups once and every new verb falls into place.
3. Common N5 grammar traps
Three patterns trip up beginners repeatedly: mixing up は and が in question-word sentences (誰が来ましたか, never 誰は), forgetting that adjectives conjugate (さむい → さむかった, not さむいでした), and confusing あります (for objects) with います (for living things). The exam loves all three. If you can handle them cleanly, you are already ahead of most candidates.
4. How grammar is tested on the N5
The grammar section has two main question types: fill-in-the-blank, where you choose the grammar item that completes a sentence, and sentence rearrangement, where you order scrambled parts and identify what goes in the starred slot. Both reward understanding how patterns connect, not rote memorization. Practising each pattern inside real sentences, the way they appear in the list above, is the most direct preparation.
よくある質問
JLPT N5にはいくつの文法パターンがありますか？+
最も重要なN5文法パターンは何ですか？+
JLPTで文法はどのように出題されますか？+
N5文法の効果的な勉強法は？+
試験形式でN5文法を練習できますか？+
Master N5 grammar with AI practice
Practice each grammar pattern in context. Nihongo Pass identifies which patterns you struggle with most.