Japanese Grammar

Expressing Desire: The ใ€œใŸใ„ (~tai) Form

To say 'I want to [verb]', you use the ~tai form. This form turns verbs into adjectives, making it extremely easy to conjugate!

How to say 'I want to...'

When you want to express a desire to DO something (like eat, sleep, or go), you attach ใ€œใŸใ„ (~tai) to the verb stem.

Importantly, once you attach ~tai, the verb behaves exactly like an i-adjective. This means you conjugate it just like words like 'samui' (cold) or 'takai' (expensive).

Note: ~tai is only used for your OWN desires, or asking a direct question to someone else ('Do you want to...?'). You cannot use it to say 'He wants to...' directly.

Conjugation Rules

How to make the ~tai form
Masu-stem
โ†’Add ใŸใ„ (tai)
Drop 'masu', add 'tai'
้ฃŸในใ‚‹ (tabe-masu)
โ†’้ฃŸในใŸใ„ (tabe-tai)
Want to eat
้ฃฒใ‚€ (nomi-masu)
โ†’้ฃฒใฟใŸใ„ (nomi-tai)
Want to drink
Conjugating ~tai (Like an i-adjective)
Present Affirmative
โ†’ใ€œใŸใ„ใงใ™ (tai desu)
I want to do
Present Negative
โ†’ใ€œใŸใใชใ„ใงใ™ (taku nai desu)
I don't want to do
Past Affirmative
โ†’ใ€œใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ (takatta desu)
I wanted to do
Past Negative
โ†’ใ€œใŸใใชใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ (taku nakatta desu)
I didn't want to do

Example Sentences

็งใฏๆ—ฅๆœฌใธ่กŒใใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
Watashi wa nihon e ikitai desu.
I want to go to Japan.
ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ—ใŸใใชใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
Kyou wa nani mo shitakunai desu.
I don't want to do anything today.
ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„่ปŠใŒ่ฒทใ„ใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚
Atarashii kuruma ga kaitakatta desu.
I wanted to buy a new car.

Teacher's Advice (Particles: ใ‚’ vs ใŒ)

Particle Rule

When using ~tai, you can use EITHER ใ‚’ (o) or ใŒ (ga) for the object. 'Sushi o tabetai' and 'Sushi ga tabetai' are both correct. However, ใŒ sounds slightly more natural when you want to emphasize WHAT you want.

JLPT Exam Patterns

  • โ€ขNegative and past conjugations (~taku nai, ~takatta) (N5)
  • โ€ขAnswering 'What do you want to do?' using the correct form (N5)
  • โ€ขKnowing that ~tai is ONLY for first-person (I) or second-person (You, in questions), not third-person (He/She) (N5/N4)

Practice the ~tai form

Drill the affirmative, negative, and past forms of ~tai until they become second nature.

Start Practice โ†’
Japanese ใ€œใŸใ„ (~tai) Form: Expressing Desire | Nihongo Pass